Phenotypic characteristics and obstetric outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and achieved pregnancy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31644/AMU.V04.N03.2026.A13Keywords:
Polycystic ovary syndrome, Pregnancy, Phenotypes, Obesity, Obstetric outcomesAbstract
Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-aged women and a major cause of anovulatory infertility. Its metabolic and clinical heterogeneity influences both the likelihood of conception and obstetric outcomes.
Objective: To describe the clinical, phenotypic, and obstetric characteristics of women with PCOS who achieved pregnancy at the High-Specialty Regional Women’s Hospital (HRAEM), Tabasco, during 2022–2025.
Material and Methods: Observational, descriptive, retrospective study. Women diagnosed with PCOS based on Rotterdam criteria were included. Sociodemographic, phenotypic, metabolic, reproductive, and obstetric variables were analyzed. Statistical analysis included frequencies, proportions, and measures of central tendency.
Results: A total of 34 women with PCOS were included. Mean age was 31.9 years, and 93.9% had overweight or obesity. Previous miscarriage was present in 61.8%. Phenotype D predominated (85.3%). The most frequent menstrual disorders were amenorrhea (55.9%) and oligomenorrhea (41.2%). Final obstetric outcomes included term birth in 35.3%, preterm birth in 11.8%, miscarriage in 29.4%, intrauterine fetal death in 5.9%, and 17.6% of pregnancies were ongoing at study closure.
Conclusion: Women with PCOS who achieved pregnancy exhibited a high-risk clinical profile, with a high prevalence of obesity and predominance of phenotype D. Adverse obstetric outcomes were common—particularly miscarriage and preterm birth—highlighting the importance of individualized management and close monitoring throughout pregnancy.
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