Effect of indol-3 acetic acid and explant type on sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) callogenesis

Abstract

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is the fourth most important oil crop in the world in terms of total annual production, after soybeans, rapeseed and peanuts. Currently, there is growing interest in implementing tissue culture techniques in this species. However, their in vitro culture presents some challenges. In this sense, the use of plant growth regulators is of great importance, since they promote the growth and development of plants and participate in cell dedifferentiation processes. For this reason, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on the induction of callus from explants of cotyledon, hypocotyl and root of Helianthus annus L. The explants were grown in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg L-1 of IAA. All the evaluated concentrations of IAA induced callus formation in the different types of explants used, however, the concentration of 0.1 mg L-1 had a greater callogenic effect. The present work evidences the effect of the AIA as the only growth regulator for the induction of callus in sunflower explants, being an alternative for the application in protocols for the induction of callogenesis.